The Phoenix Lights – Debunking the Debunkers

On March thirteenth 1997, a rare occasion occurred throughout the state of Arizona that has change into the topic of nice debate within the UFO group. Tons of, and maybe 1000’s of witnesses from all walks of life reported seeing a big V-shaped craft, over a mile throughout with uncommon lights, journey slowly and silently by at a really low altitude. Some witnesses who reported being straight beneath it because it handed, stated it drifted proper over the housetops, so shut it appeared “they might nearly contact it.” Witness accounts counsel that no less than one unknown craft and probably others handed straight over Phoenix and penetrated by means of Sky Harbor airspace, earlier than drifting off to the south in direction of Tucson. A minimum of one air visitors controller at Sky Harbor Airport admitted in a televised information interview that he noticed the lights from the tower utilizing binoculars, however didn’t see something on radar.

Skeptics and debunkers dismiss the occasion as flares or a number of different artifical or pure explanations whereas 1000’s of witnesses insist that what they noticed can’t be defined in any recognized phrases. There are various information, photographs, witness accounts and notable circumstances which can be hooked up to the occasion and comparable occasions which have occurred everywhere in the world which can be largely ignored by the media and utterly ignored by a number of staunch skeptics and debunkers who get far more media consideration than they deserve. First and really importantly, to keep away from confusion we have to classify the Phoenix Lights Phenomenon into two classes:

LIGHTS ON MOVING CRAFT: These are the lights related to the March thirteenth occasion (shortly after 8pm) that gave the impression to be fastened to a big V-shaped or triangular formed craft. There are various witness descriptions of various gentle arrays, patterns and variety of lights which might counsel the potential for a number of craft or a singular craft that modified because it flew throughout the Arizona skies. Witnesses all unanimously agree that the craft, or a number of craft, had been utterly silent and flew very near the bottom. One craft was over a mile large in line with a whole lot of documented witness accounts.

ORBS: These are luminescent amber orbs that randomly seem individually, in pairs or teams. They will seem collectively in inflexible formation or separated by miles. These orbs defy rationalization and are the range I personally noticed on November twenty first 2005 (examine my sighting). They don’t flicker or emit any smoke trails and stay completely fastened of their place relative to one another and to the bottom. Dr. Lynne Kitei, a well-respected Phoenix doctor and key witness to the Phoenix Lights, personally noticed these anomalous lights very near her mountainside house in 1995. She had the distinctive alternative to watch a trio of orbs in shut proximity (lower than 200 toes away) and described them as balls of amber gentle roughly three to 6 toes throughout. They didn’t glare, emit any beam of sunshine or illuminate their adjoining environment. She couldn’t determine what they had been, however managed to seize them in {a photograph}. She stated they dimmed out one after the other “as if on a dimmer change.”

The orbs are a separate phenomenon from what occurred on March thirteenth 1997, which by all accounts was a large UFO flyover. The orbs are fiercely argued to be flares dropped by the navy on account of their comparable look. Skeptics have thrown out many explanations, none of which have been substantiated by any information or witness accounts.

FLARE THEORY: By far the commonest principle and the official principle given by the native Phoenix navy. First let me level out that I’m totally conscious of the Barry Goldwater check vary. I do know the place it’s in proximity to Phoenix and I’ve a wonderful understanding of the exercise that takes place there based mostly on quite a few sources together with navy personnel. I do know what flares seem like, each from private remark and evaluation of video footage and photographs, and I’ve personally spoken to navy personnel who work with flares every day, together with a extremely certified pyrotechnic skilled. I do not dispute that the navy drops flares over the Barry Goldwater Vary and that pilots typically jettison their remaining flares earlier than returning to base. I additionally agree that some, not the entire reported sightings of unusual lights and quite a few photographs and movies which have been circulated round had been certainly flares.

The large query right here is; If flares are routinely dropped over the Barry Goldwater Vary they usually have accomplished so since 1941, would not or not it’s logical to imagine that most individuals in Phoenix are used to seeing them? What would immediate 1000’s of individuals to out of the blue name into native newspapers, police stations, information stations, radio stations and Luke Air Drive base, all on the identical evening and throughout the identical time? It’s plainly apparent that many individuals noticed one thing very unusual, not one thing as mundane and routine as a flare drop, and felt compelled to report it and discover out what it was.

I problem the debunkers who insist that ALL Phoenix Lights studies had been truly flares, to contemplate the true information somewhat than dismiss the a whole lot of verifiable witness studies, photographs and investigative proof out of hand. If there may be conclusive proof that may clarify all the things away and show it was solely flares, convey it to the desk and let the general public see it! The flare principle is a pleasant handy strategy to clarify glowing lights within the sky and looks as if essentially the most logical rationalization for the Phoenix Lights till you take into account the entire explanation why the idea would not work:

FLARE THEORY DOESN’T FIT WITNESS TESTIMONIES: First it’s a must to acknowledge the staggering variety of witnesses that had been out on the night of March thirteenth 1997 hoping to catch a glimpse of the Halle-Bopp comet. It was a superbly clear evening and 1000’s of individuals from all walks of life, together with medical doctors, cops, little league coaches with their children, folks jogging, drivers on the highway, every kind of individuals had been going about their enterprise when out of the blue, out of the blue, they appear up and see an infinite V-shaped, semi-transparent craft with an array of lights, journey slowly and silently by, very low to the bottom. Some witnesses stated it went straight over their heads.

The shear variety of matching witness accounts eliminates any chance of a hoax, except in fact you’ll counsel that 1000’s of individuals bought collectively and determined to make up some phony story, not solely in Phoenix, however different nations which have reported comparable phenomenon, simply so they might all have a very good snicker. Frankly, I’d sooner imagine that we had been being visited from past than purchase right into a mass hoax conspiracy principle. If there have been solely a handful of studies coming from a small group of individuals partying and consuming out within the desert, I’d certainly and shortly dismiss the entire thing.

In line with witness accounts no less than one giant V-shaped craft and probably different triangular craft, flew throughout your entire state of Arizona, ranging from Paulden all the best way all the way down to Phoenix and Tucson. The timeline of verifiable studies counsel that one thing did in actual fact journey throughout your entire state, which brings me to my first argument towards the coveted flare principle; Flares do not journey a whole lot of miles, and witnesses in southern and northern Arizona could not probably see flares over the Barry Goldwater Vary! Additionally, witnesses described a big semi-transparent craft with unusual wanting lights, not flares with smoke trails. Some witnesses had been straight beneath because the craft flew over and swear that it was something however flares!

DON’T INSULT THE WITNESSES’ INTELLIGENCE! Flare theorists appear to imagine that witnesses cannot inform the distinction between flares and one thing that by all accounts was utterly out of this world. Most of the witnesses who got here ahead included energetic navy personnel who work with flares every day. They had been very adamant that what they noticed weren’t flares! You do not have to be a flare skilled to inform what they seem like. The burning magnesium from the flares illuminates the rising smoke above. They flicker and transfer about as they fall to the bottom. The navy staged a flare demo in 2000 hoping to persuade everybody that what they really noticed had been flares. The demonstration completely backfired because it gave witnesses a possibility to make a good comparability and conclude that there was no similarity in any respect to what they noticed.

FLARES DON’T STAY FIXED IN ONE POSITION RELATIVE TO THE GROUND AND EACH OTHER: There was in depth evaluation of movies submitted by witnesses that clearly reveals that the anomalous orbs do not budge in any respect. Mike Tanner, a witness and key investigator, seen a collection of sunshine formations and at one level used a spotter scope to zoom in on one of many orbs. The orb light out and in over twenty minutes with out ever transferring because it stayed fastened inside the scope. One other navy witness claims that he noticed comparable orbs from his house close to Luke AFB. The orbs stayed fastened in a single place for over twenty minutes. He says they undoubtedly weren’t flares and he works with flares every day!

FLARES ARE NEVER DROPPED OVER POPULATED AREAS OR INDIAN RESERVATIONS: Illumination flares are giant metallic cylinders full of a magnesium based mostly pyrotechnic composition. They’re dropped over check ranges, navy bases and different areas the place navy operations happen. Dropping flares, or any objects for that matter, over populated areas and Indian reservations is an FAA violation and prohibited on account of doable harm to civilians, injury to property and floor fires.

NEW FLARE TECHNOLOGY? Somebody as soon as instructed that these flares are of a brand new sort not but recognized to the general public. If this had been true we might certainly find out about it by now, over a decade later. Illumination flares are used to assist troops see higher at evening and spoofing flares are used to divert warmth in search of missiles. There may be nothing top-secret about flares or their use, even a brand new sort that may in some way seem, then disappear, then re-appear in the identical spot and keep fastened in a single place. If the navy had this sort of expertise, why would not they simply admit it to the general public and put an finish to the entire countless hypothesis? Why would not they’ve accomplished so again in 2000 after they staged their flare demonstration?

I PERSONALLY WITNESSED THESE MYSTERIOUS ORBS: On November twenty first 2005, I noticed two amber orbs in a side-by-side formation from a Boeing 737 departing Sky Harbor Airport. They didn’t seem like plane, flares or any pure phenomenon. What’s most vital is that they appeared in an equivalent, side-by-side formation in two totally different areas. The primary location was in entrance of the Estrella Mountain Vary straight over the north finish of the Gila Bend Indian Reservation. The second location was northwest of Glendale. I had an unimaginable fowl’s-eye view on a superbly clear evening and I might simply see the horizon and topography (examine my sighting). They appeared in the identical side-by-side formation, rigidly fastened in house they usually had been very vibrant and distinct from all different gentle sources. There have been no seen navy operations at both of the 2 areas, no seen plane deploying them and no signal of them being fired up into the air. The navy wouldn’t deploy them over populated areas or Indian reservations.

LARGE MILITARY BLIMP or TOP SECRET MILITARY PROJECT: One other widespread principle is that experimental authorities plane are answerable for the Phoenix Lights. Supporters of this principle imagine {that a} very giant, silent surveillance blimp or top-secret plane flew over Arizona and that diversionary flares had been dropped by the navy in an try to divert the eye of whoever was out on that clear night gazing at Halle-Bopp comet.

Some skeptics could also be referring to the Ascender challenge, which isn’t top-secret in any respect. The Ascender is a semi-autonomous V-shaped blimp that may hover in close to house to carry out high-altitude reconnaissance and relay battlefield communications. In 2004 (seven years after the occasion befell), John Powell, founding father of JP Aerospace, advised MSNBC.com “The complete-size station in our grand imaginative and prescient is 2 miles throughout, however that is down the highway a bit.” No such blimp existed in 1997 and the most important measurement so far isn’t any larger than a passenger jet, a lot smaller than witnesses described. It is very important word {that a} mile-wide blimp can solely be deployed at sub-orbital altitudes the place the air is extraordinarily skinny and the craft is nearly weightless. At decrease altitudes, it might collapse underneath its personal weight. You would by no means construct such an infinite plane construction at floor stage, not to mention one that would fly extraordinarily gradual underneath its personal energy with out making even the slightest noise.

When contemplating this implausible principle, one should additionally take into account many apparent questions; Are we purported to imagine the navy would fly an infinite blimp a mile or so throughout (the big measurement was a constant descriptive in a whole lot of eye-witness studies) proper over town at extraordinarily low altitude, endangering hundreds of thousands of residents on the bottom and within the air, somewhat than fly a course someplace over the 1000’s of sq. miles of uninhabited desert surrounding Phoenix, out of the general public eye? If this was certainly a “prime secret” blimp, why would they fly it at low altitude proper over a metropolis in full public view? In the event that they flew it over uninhabited areas they would not need to trouble with diversionary flares. Anyway, you can by no means fly a blimp of this measurement with accuracy at low altitude as it might by extremely inclined to winds and convective currents.

Each main airport within the nation that has scheduled airline service (together with Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport) is surrounded by Class-B airspace, a protecting zone that extends 30 miles out from the middle of the airport. Massive airports are sometimes surrounded by many smaller airports which can be in relative shut proximity, so the airspace may be very busy. ATC continuously communicates with all pilots getting into their airspace, assigning particular routes and altitudes with a view to preserve protected separation between plane. All pilots getting into Class-B airspace are issued a 4-digit transponder code for identification and their plane have to be outfitted with a Transponder that has altitude reporting in order that ATC can precisely monitor the plane’s place. The one exceptions are crop dusters and plane which can be ferried to restore services, however particular preparations have to be made upfront. The purpose is that no plane, together with navy plane, can enter Class-B airspace with out communication and clearance from the airspace controller. Federal Aviation Laws (FAR #191 of Half 91) require all plane to fly at an altitude of 1,000 toes above the best impediment inside a horizontal distance of lower than 2,000 toes in congested areas. In different phrases, pilots should preserve minimal protected altitudes and impediment clearance when flying over a densely populated space. They don’t seem to be allowed to fly straight over housetops.

The underside line is, the craft that flew over Phoenix on March thirteenth severely violated Class-B airspace when it entered with out communication and clearance from ATC and flew proper throughout the ultimate method course of Sky Harbor Airport, one of many busiest airports within the nation. It additionally went undetected by radar which utterly kills the blimp concept and all different typical plane for that matter. If it was an plane that flew over Phoenix in 1997, top-secret or not, the general public would have recognized about it a very long time in the past. The plane controller who was interviewed by a neighborhood information station will surely have admitted that it was navy in nature, however he did not. He stated that he might see the lights, however he did not see something on radar and had no concept what it was.

It’s absurd to counsel that the navy would deliberately fly an infinite plane by means of Sky Harbor airspace, with out communication or clearance, violate minimal protected altitude necessities, publicly show their top-secret, invisible, mile-wide behemoth after which utterly deny its existence. What occurred to the mile-wide plane after the actual fact? How might the navy conceal such an infinite plane (or make it invisible) and the way come we do not find out about its existence 10+ years after the actual fact?

Lastly, what’s so prime secret about an infinite blimp in comparison with our stealth expertise, which is already public data? The X45, X47, Scramjet and DARPA’S Slingshot initiatives in addition to different leading edge initiatives are already within the public area. Whereas a number of the capabilities of those new plane and weapon methods are nonetheless categorized, they’re definitely seen to the general public.

CESSNAS FLYING IN FORMATION (STAGED HOAX): After the Phoenix Lights occasion, a younger man got here ahead and claimed that he seen the Phoenix Lights utilizing a Celestron Telescope and noticed they had been a fleet of Cessnas flying in formation. Regardless of 1000’s of witness studies on the contrary, native media targeted on this singular report. To start with, to counsel that you can comply with a transferring Cessna with a Telescope is ridiculous. I personally personal a telescope and there’s no manner you can comply with a transferring plane and focus in on it, particularly at evening. Based mostly on this assertion alone I’d severely query something this witness needed to say.

First it’s a must to persuade me {that a} group of pilots can be silly sufficient and brazen sufficient to suppose they might pull off such an elaborate hoax with out being caught. Each pilot is aware of that penetrating Class-B airspace (a 30-mile protecting veil that surrounds each main airport within the nation) with out a correct ATC clearance, would get them into severe bother. There isn’t any manner a fleet of Cessnas might fly silently, even with the engines operating at idle, and keep away from radar detection.

A fleet of plane getting into Class-B airspace with out communication or clearance can be thought of a severe risk they usually most definitely would have been compelled down by navy pilots. As soon as on the bottom the perpetrators can be arrested, closely fined and face doable prosecution and jail time. The FAA would completely droop their licenses because of the magnitude of the crime. They might be thrashed by the media and lynched by the general public.

Why would any pilot danger all the things, believing that they might efficiently pull off such an elaborate hoax, get away with it, go house, watch the ten’oclock information and have a pleasant snicker? No one ever bought caught and no one ever got here ahead to say “we did it.” Personal pilots would by no means take such a danger, industrial pilots would by no means danger their flying careers, and airline pilots are continuously monitored by ATC. They might by no means try such a factor particularly with a airplane loaded with passengers. Clearly this man concocted your entire story to get his mug on the six o’clock information!

HELICOPTERS IN FORMATION: All helicopters make noise. This principle would not match with the 1000’s of witness studies claiming that the craft was completely silent and most of the people are sensible sufficient to inform what a helicopter seems to be like. For these causes and the entire causes described within the Cessna principle, this merely would not fly!

STEALTH B2 BOMBER FLYOVER: 1000’s of witnesses declare that they noticed an infinite V-shaped craft over a mile large, semi-transparent, with an array of enormous luminous lights hooked up. The stealth bomber is tiny by comparability. What’s most vital is that each witness reported that the big craft was completely silent. This kills the stealth bomber principle. Stealth signifies that the plane is radar evasive, not sound evasive. It’s something however quiet. The navy would by no means violate Class B airspace by getting into with out an ATC clearance and air visitors controllers would by no means vector an plane throughout the ultimate method course of a busy airport, particularly at a dangerously low altitude! We interviewed a witness for the Phoenix Lights Documentary who says that she noticed a stealth bomber fly over her home in the course of the World Sequence, but it surely did not look something like what she noticed fly straight over her head on March thirteenth.

MILITARY HOAX: The navy would by no means deliberately stage a UFO hoax. The very last thing they wish to cope with is placating public issues. Why would navy pilots try to stage such a hoax and severely danger shedding their coveted flying privileges they labored so laborious to acquire? The higher navy brass wouldn’t take such an motion flippantly and the implications are far too extreme to justify an elaborate hoax only for laughs.

It’s attention-grabbing to notice that in a single case, a witness who known as in to Luke Air Drive Base to report unusual lights was advised that the telephones had been ringing off the hook. The lady who answered the cellphone admitted that she didn’t have any data at the moment and instructed the witness name again the subsequent day. Upon calling the subsequent day, the identical witness reported {that a} totally different particular person answered, and with a hostile perspective, denied that there have been any studies in any respect. Different witnesses reported the identical detached, hostile perspective and full denial of any uncommon exercise.

As a remaining word, the federal government and navy by no means denied the 8pm occasion befell they usually by no means claimed that the 8pm occasion was flares. What they formally reported to the general public was the next assertion: “At no time was there ever a risk to our nationwide safety.” There’s a nice chance that flares had been dropped round 10pm, probably as a diversionary tactic to confuse the information and that many (not all) reported sightings at the moment had been of the flare drop.

ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENON: The skies over Phoenix had been completely clear and there’s no recognized atmospheric phenomenon that would have manifested or seemed something like what witnesses noticed. Auroras usually solely seem close to the Earth’s north and south poles. You aren’t prone to see them within the Arizona skies.

BALL LIGHTNING: We interviewed Robert Golka for the Phoenix Lights Documentary. He by no means made it into the ultimate lower as we had been determined to cut back the operating time down from 3+ hours to a nominal 84 minutes. He is without doubt one of the world’s foremost consultants on ball lightning and well-known for constructing the world’s largest Tesla coil at Wendover Air Drive Base in 1973. He is without doubt one of the few folks on the planet to create ball lightning in a lab surroundings. In line with his skilled testimony, ball lightning is a uncommon phenomenon that may happen close to the bottom and at increased altitudes and has on very uncommon events been noticed by passengers in plane. Ball lightning requires a supply with sturdy electromagnetic fields similar to that current in storm clouds. It might burst out from excessive electromagnetic fields current within the Earth as nicely. The evening the Phoenix Lights occasion occurred was completely clear with no storm clouds current. In his opinion ball lightning couldn’t happen on such a transparent evening and would by no means manifest into an array of lights and journey low and gradual, in formation, throughout the state of Arizona. The phenomenon doesn’t match witness accounts.

SWAMP GAS: A very ridiculous principle at greatest. There aren’t any swamps anyplace in Phoenix or the state of Arizona for that matter and swamp fuel doesn’t seem like what 1000’s of witnesses described.

METEORS: Meteors streak throughout the sky at very excessive altitude and fritter away from the extraordinary friction of passing by means of the Earth’s ambiance at hypersonic speeds. No matter would not fritter away falls to the bottom and is known as a meteorite. Meteors do not fly low and gradual in good formation or resemble a big V-shaped craft. I by no means heard any witness say; “It seemed like a meteor!”

MASS HALLUCINATION: I do not imagine within the idea of mass hallucination in any respect. To my data that is an unproven idea with no verifiable historic proof in any way. It’s utterly ridiculous to counsel that 1000’s of individuals stopped what they had been doing, seemed up within the sky and noticed one thing that wasn’t there. Did someone spike the Phoenix aqueducts with LSD? It’s wonderful anybody would sooner imagine in such nonsense somewhat than imagine witnesses truly noticed one thing.

MASS HOAX CONSPIRACY: The mass hoax principle is one other outrageous idea utterly unfounded by any information. What would encourage 1000’s of individuals from all walks of life to get collectively and secretly conjure up such a hoax? How would such a large hoax be stored secret? How come no one ever got here ahead to say, “all of us made it up it was only a joke? I imagine the witnesses truly noticed one thing extraordinary. You’ll be able to’t dismiss the testimony of a whole lot of witnesses with matching descriptions.

WEATHER BALLOONS: The climate balloon principle is usually thrown out by many skeptics as a handy rationalization for UFOs. Whereas this can be a legitimate rationalization for some daytime sightings, it doesn’t match as a doable rationalization for the Phoenix Lights. Climate balloons usually are not illuminated and can’t be seen at evening, apart from a flashing beacon. For that reason they’re by no means launched in populated areas the place there’s a excessive density of airport visitors, such because the airspace over Phoenix, as a result of they’re hazardous to plane. There are a number of forms of climate balloons used for various functions, however most are full of hydrogen or helium fuel and carry an instrument known as a radiosonde that measures atmospheric stress, air temperature and relative humidity. Climate balloons don’t journey laterally near the bottom. They rise a mean of 1000 toes per minute and burst at an altitude of round 100,000 toes the place the atmospheric stress is one p.c the stress at sea-level. The radiosonde deploys a small parachute and falls gently to the bottom. It’s absurd to counsel {that a} fleet of climate balloons had been launched on the evening of March thirteenth and flew in an ideal v-shaped formation, at low altitude throughout your entire state of Arizona!

FINAL CONCLUSIONS: When you rule out all doable pure and man-made explanations for the Phoenix Lights there is just one rationalization that, regardless of what the debunkers say, can’t be conclusively dominated out; Maybe, WE ARE being visited by our cosmic neighbors, stopping by to verify us out! If you happen to take into account that the universe is stuffed with life, we’re simply one other race of beings – nothing particular. Different extra superior species of life might definitely observe us simply as we observe many of the life varieties on this planet.

Some folks argue that it’s unattainable for anybody to journey the huge distances in house and are available to our distant planet. The scientific minds insist that you would be able to’t journey anyplace close to the velocity of sunshine and that it might take lifetimes to succeed in our closest neighboring stars. Whereas this looks as if a legitimate level, the reality is, so far as house journey goes, we’re like infants taking our first steps. Our first manned house flight was in 1961, which is simply a blip in human historical past. To this point, we now have solely traveled to the moon and despatched out a number of probes. That hardly qualifies us as “house vacationers.” Maybe our ET associates are touring inter-dimensionally, intra-dimensionally or bending house and time by producing high-level gravitational fields. Bodily beings might not be capable to journey at gentle velocity, however what about gentle beings? Who is aware of what quick cuts might exist on the market that we’ve not found but?

I imagine Earth is a micro-cosmic instance of the range of life within the universe. Life prospers all over the place on the floor of our planet, even in environments that will be deadly to people. Go to the best, deepest, coldest and hottest locations on Earth, even stable rock, and you will see life varieties, some as huge as whales and others far too small to be seen with the bare eye.

Contemplating the trillions of planets in our personal galaxy, the a whole lot of billions of galaxies within the universe and the way rugged, numerous and adaptive life is, there may be nearly no scientific or logical likelihood that we’re alone. Actually, there could possibly be civilizations on the market hundreds of thousands and even billions of years forward of us! Is it doable that Earth has been, and continues to be, visited by aliens? The reply to this query is; In fact it is doable, as a result of there isn’t any strategy to show in any other case! We do not know who is de facto on the market or what their capabilities are and that’s an proven fact! ANYTHING IS POSSIBLE! It isn’t loopy to be open minded about such issues, what’s loopy is proclaiming one thing would not exist with out having even the slightest thread of proof to show it. It is time for us to cease pretending we’re the be-all, end-all “masters of the universe” and settle for the apparent likelihood that we aren’t alone. For many individuals seeing is believing, however till we now have open contact, there’s nothing mistaken with holding an open thoughts.

For me, the reality that ETs go to Earth is a no brainer and the argument of whether or not or not they exist has grown very previous. The larger and extra essential questions are the “what if” questions regarding open contact and the doable advantages to mankind:

• Large advances in expertise and vitality options that will assist heal our planet.
• Large advances in medication.
• Entry to a wealth of information in regards to the universe, different worlds, man’s true roots and maybe a larger understanding of God.
• Evolution to a extra spiritually enlightened society the place warfare and violence is nearly eradicated.

The potential advantages are much more reaching than anybody of us can think about. The large query we ought to be asking is, how will mankind transition from what it’s right this moment to a extremely religious and peaceable race, with whole openness and integration into an enormous cosmic society? The transformation will likely be difficult and I imagine it’s a course of that each civilization should face sooner or later in its evolution.